A 7/16th inch diameter hole is drilled at a slightly upward angle into the Sugar Maple tree. It should be about 2.5 inches deep. In a large diameter tree, perhaps even deeper. In just a few seconds the sap may begin to flow. I was concerned such a small cordless drill would need to be recharged before we finished drilling 11 holes. This drill uses a Lithium battery, and had no trouble at all. The traditional tool would be a hand powered Bit Brace. The cordless drill is MUCH easier!